What Does F1, F2, F3 Mean?
When tracking generations of cockapoos, breeders use what is known as Mendel's Method. It is based on a study by Gregor Mendel known as "the Father of Genetics" that he conducted with breeding hybrid peas and tracked their inheritance through a mathematical format. Mendel performed hybridizations, which involved mating two true-breeding individuals that have different traits. In the pea, which is naturally self-pollinating, this is done by manually transferring pollen from the anther of a mature pea plant of one variety to the stigma of a separate mature pea plant of the second variety.
Plants used in first-generation crosses were called P, or parental generation, plants. Mendel collected the seeds produced by the P plants that resulted from each cross and grew them the following season. These offspring were called the F1, or the first filial (filial = daughter or son), generation. Once Mendel examined the characteristics in the F1 generation of plants, he allowed them to self-fertilize naturally. He then collected and grew the seeds from the F1 plants to produce the F2, or second filial, generation. Mendel’s experiments extended beyond the F2 generation to the F3 generation, F4 generation, and so on, but it was the ratio of characteristics in the P, F1, and F2 generations that were the most intriguing and became the basis of Mendel’s postulates.
To simplify things as generations move further along, after the 3rd generation or F3 and beyond we call all future generations multigeneration (F3,F4,F5,F6,F7,etc..)
P stands for Parental or Parent breed in the cockapoo's case P stands for the Cocker Spaniel and Poodle
F stands for Filial which represent the son or daughter offspring.
P x P = F1 a first generation cross
F1 x F1 = F2 second generation
F2 x F2 = F3 a third generation or Multigeneration
F3 x F3 = F4 or forth generation or Multigeneration
"b" or "B" stands for back breed, generally doodle breeders use a small "b" to represent back breeding with a poodle and a large "B" to represent back breeding to the other parent breed in the cockapoo's case this would be a Cocker Spaniel. But this is not a set rule every breeder follows. Officially "b" can represent both parent breeds. Back breeding to a non poodle parent breed is also known as "reverse" back breeding in the doodle breeding community.
If back bred to a poodle would be
F1 x b= F1b
F2 x b = F2b
F3 x b = F3b or Multigeneration and so on
If back bred to a Cocker Spaniel would be
F1 x B= F1B
F2 x B = F2B
F3 x B = F3B or Multigeneration and so on
F1B x F1b =F3 or Multigeneration as there is over 3 generations of breeding behind the dog
F2B x F2B=F4 or Multigeneration
F3B x F3b= F5 or Multigeneration
F4B xF1b = F6 or Multigeneration
Tracking generations can turn into a complicated worm whole ,I am just trying to keep things simple so everyone can grasp the basics.
Plants used in first-generation crosses were called P, or parental generation, plants. Mendel collected the seeds produced by the P plants that resulted from each cross and grew them the following season. These offspring were called the F1, or the first filial (filial = daughter or son), generation. Once Mendel examined the characteristics in the F1 generation of plants, he allowed them to self-fertilize naturally. He then collected and grew the seeds from the F1 plants to produce the F2, or second filial, generation. Mendel’s experiments extended beyond the F2 generation to the F3 generation, F4 generation, and so on, but it was the ratio of characteristics in the P, F1, and F2 generations that were the most intriguing and became the basis of Mendel’s postulates.
To simplify things as generations move further along, after the 3rd generation or F3 and beyond we call all future generations multigeneration (F3,F4,F5,F6,F7,etc..)
P stands for Parental or Parent breed in the cockapoo's case P stands for the Cocker Spaniel and Poodle
F stands for Filial which represent the son or daughter offspring.
P x P = F1 a first generation cross
F1 x F1 = F2 second generation
F2 x F2 = F3 a third generation or Multigeneration
F3 x F3 = F4 or forth generation or Multigeneration
"b" or "B" stands for back breed, generally doodle breeders use a small "b" to represent back breeding with a poodle and a large "B" to represent back breeding to the other parent breed in the cockapoo's case this would be a Cocker Spaniel. But this is not a set rule every breeder follows. Officially "b" can represent both parent breeds. Back breeding to a non poodle parent breed is also known as "reverse" back breeding in the doodle breeding community.
If back bred to a poodle would be
F1 x b= F1b
F2 x b = F2b
F3 x b = F3b or Multigeneration and so on
If back bred to a Cocker Spaniel would be
F1 x B= F1B
F2 x B = F2B
F3 x B = F3B or Multigeneration and so on
F1B x F1b =F3 or Multigeneration as there is over 3 generations of breeding behind the dog
F2B x F2B=F4 or Multigeneration
F3B x F3b= F5 or Multigeneration
F4B xF1b = F6 or Multigeneration
Tracking generations can turn into a complicated worm whole ,I am just trying to keep things simple so everyone can grasp the basics.